Process Starts and Terminates
Process Identifiers
| Identifier | Name | 中文名称 |
|---|---|---|
| pid | process ID | 进程 ID |
| ppid | parent process ID | 父进程 ID |
| uid | real user ID | 进程实际用户 ID |
| euid | effective user ID | 进程有效用户 ID |
| gid | real group ID | 进程实际组 ID |
| egid | effective group ID | 进程有效组 ID |
| sid | session ID | 会话 ID |
| pgid | process group ID | 进程组 ID |
| tpgid | controlling tty process group ID | 终端进程组 ID |
实际 ID 与 有效 ID 的区别: 通常有效 ID 是用户实际的 ID，但是可以通过设置
st_mode来特殊地指定执行时的有效 ID
Process Status
| State | Explanation | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| I | idle | |
| S | interruptible sleep | waiting for an event to complete |
| R | running or runnable | |
| T | stopped | either by a job control signal or because it is being traced |
| U/D | in uninterruptible wait | usually IO |
| Z | dead / zombie | terminated but not reaped by its parent |
Fork Process
Sharing of open files between parent and child after fork
Network Logins
References
[1]. Advanced Programming in the UNIX® Environment
[2]. Linux process states